MLS Health and Nutrition Research
Vol. 2 Núm. 1 (2023)
ISSN: 2952-2471
Relación entre el horario de comidas, la composición corporal y pérdida de peso
Publicado Apr 27, 2023
Resumen
El aumento de peso entre la población mundial es un tema relevante en estos últimos años. Abordajes nutricionales que tengan en cuenta los horarios de las comidas, así como su frecuencia pueden ser interesantes a la hora de mejorar la composición corporal de la población y el peso. El objetivo es conocer si existe relación entre el número y el horario de las comidas, la composición corporal y la pérdida de peso. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, fueron seleccionados y consultados artículos científicos, tanto estudios como revisiones, webs oficiales y documentos relevantes. Se tuvieron en cuenta un total de 12 estudios publicados en los últimos 5 años pertenecientes a la base de datos Pubmed y Scielo, los cuales fueron analizados en profundidad. Además, se empleó el uso del buscador de Google para páginas oficiales, Tanto el horario de las comidas como la frecuencia en la que estas se realizan o los macronutrientes que ingieren son estrategias dietético-nutricionales efectivas para la modificación de la composición corporal y del peso. Se necesitan un mayor número de investigaciones actuales, sobre todo en el ámbito de la frecuencia de las comidas para demostrar los efectos sobre la composición corporal, sin embargo, se puede concluir que tanto tener en cuenta los macronutrientes que se ingieren como el timing alimentario, son posibles estrategias de abordaje nutricional competentes para el cambio de composición y peso corporal.
Palabras clave:
Crononutrición, horario de las comidas, frecuencia de las comidas, balance corporal, macronutrientes
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Cómo citar
Anaya Perez, C. (2023). Relación entre el horario de comidas, la composición corporal y pérdida de peso. MLS Health and Nutrition Research, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.60134/mlshn.v2i1.1837
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(2). de Mairan JJ. Observation botanique. Hist Acad Roy Sci. 1729;35-6.
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(8). Poggiogalle E, Jamshed H, Peterson CM. Circadian regulation of glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism in humans. Metabolism. julio de 2018;84:11-27.
(9). Pittendrigh CS. Circadian rhythms and the circadian organization of living systems. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1960;25:159-84.
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(11). Challet E. The circadian regulation of food intake. Nat Rev Endocrinol. julio de 2019;15(7):393-405.
(12). Jacob R, Tremblay A, Panahi S, Provencher V, Drapeau V. Is the timing of food intake a potential indicator of low weight loss responders? A secondary analysis of three weight loss studies. Clin Obes. junio de 2020;10(3):e12360.
(13). Shaw E, Leung GKW, Jong J, Coates AM, Davis R, Blair M, et al. The Impact of Time of Day on Energy Expenditure: Implications for Long-Term Energy Balance. Nutrients. 6 de octubre de 2019;11(10):E2383.
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(15). Basolo A, Bechi Genzano S, Piaggi P, Krakoff J, Santini F. Energy Balance and Control of Body Weight: Possible Effects of Meal Timing and Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation. Nutrients. 19 de septiembre de 2021;13(9):3276.
(16). Freire R. Scientific evidence of diets for weight loss: Different macronutrient composition, intermittent fasting, and popular diets. Nutr Burbank Los Angel Cty Calif. enero de 2020;69:110549.
(17). Calvo Fernández JR, Gianzo Citores M, Calvo Fernández JR, Gianzo Citores M. Los relojes biológicos de la alimentación. Nutr Hosp. 2018;35(SPE4):33-8.
(18). Engin A. Circadian Rhythms in Diet-Induced Obesity. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;960:19-52.
(19). Paoli A, Tinsley G, Bianco A, Moro T. The Influence of Meal Frequency and Timing on Health in Humans: The Role of Fasting. Nutrients. 28 de marzo de 2019;11(4):719.
(20). Leech RM, Worsley A, Timperio A, McNaughton SA. Temporal eating patterns: a latent class analysis approach. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 7 de enero de 2017;14(1):3.
(21). Nakamura K, Nakamura Y. Hunger and Satiety Signaling: Modeling Two Hypothalamomedullary Pathways for Energy Homeostasis. BioEssays News Rev Mol Cell Dev Biol. agosto de 2018;40(8):e1700252.
(22). Pot GK. Sleep and dietary habits in the urban environment: the role of chrono-nutrition. Proc Nutr Soc. agosto de 2018;77(3):189-98.
(23). Schutz Y. Macronutrients and energy balance in obesity. Metabolism. septiembre de 1995;44(9 Suppl 3):7-11.
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(25). Stelmach-Mardas M, Kleiser C, Uzhova I, Peñalvo JL, La Torre G, Palys W, et al. Seasonality of food groups and total energy intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr. junio de 2016;70(6):700-8.
(26). Yoshimura E, Tajiri E, Hatamoto Y, Tanaka S. Changes in Season Affect Body Weight, Physical Activity, Food Intake, and Sleep in Female College Students: A Preliminary Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 24 de noviembre de 2020;17(23):E8713.
(27). Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Vuksan V, Brighenti F, Cunnane SC, Rao AV, et al. Nibbling versus gorging: metabolic advantages of increased meal frequency. N Engl J Med. 5 de octubre de 1989;321(14):929-34.
(28). Zerón-Rugerio MF, Díez-Noguera A, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Cambras T. Higher eating frequency is associated with lower adiposity and robust circadian rhythms: a cross-sectional study. Am J Clin Nutr. 23 de octubre de 2020;nqaa282.
(29). McHill AW, Phillips AJ, Czeisler CA, Keating L, Yee K, Barger LK, et al. Later circadian timing of food intake is associated with increased body fat. Am J Clin Nutr. noviembre de 2017;106(5):1213-9.
(30). Wehrens SMT, Christou S, Isherwood C, Middleton B, Gibbs MA, Archer SN, et al. Meal Timing Regulates the Human Circadian System. Curr Biol CB. 19 de junio de 2017;27(12):1768-1775.e3.
(31). Belinova L, Kahleova H, Malinska H, Topolcan O, Windrichova J, Oliyarnyk O, et al. The effect of meal frequency in a reduced-energy regimen on the gastrointestinal and appetite hormones in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised crossover study. PloS One. 2017;12(4):e0174820.
(32). Vilela S, Oliveira A, Severo M, Lopes C. Chrono-Nutrition: The Relationship between Time-of-Day Energy and Macronutrient Intake and Children’s Body Weight Status. J Biol Rhythms. 1 de junio de 2019;34(3):332-42.
(33). Dashti HS, Scheer FAJL, Saxena R, Garaulet M. Timing of Food Intake: Identifying Contributing Factors to Design Effective Interventions. Adv Nutr Bethesda Md. 1 de julio de 2019;10(4):606-20.
(34). Dashti HS, Gómez-Abellán P, Qian J, Esteban A, Morales E, Scheer FAJL, et al. Late eating is associated with cardiometabolic risk traits, obesogenic behaviors, and impaired weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr. 6 de octubre de 2020;nqaa264.
(35). Hatanaka M, Hatamoto Y, Tajiri E, Matsumoto N, Tanaka S, Yoshimura E. An Earlier First Meal Timing Associates with Weight Loss Effectiveness in A 12-Week Weight Loss Support Program. Nutrients. 7 de enero de 2022;14(2):249.
(36). Lopez-Minguez J, Gómez-Abellán P, Garaulet M. Timing of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner. Effects on Obesity and Metabolic Risk. Nutrients. 1 de noviembre de 2019;11(11):E2624.
(37). Richter J, Herzog N, Janka S, Baumann T, Kistenmacher A, Oltmanns KM. Twice as High Diet-Induced Thermogenesis After Breakfast vs Dinner On High-Calorie as Well as Low-Calorie Meals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1 de marzo de 2020;105(3):dgz311.
(38). Kahleova H, Lloren JI, Mashchak A, Hill M, Fraser GE. Meal Frequency and Timing Are Associated with Changes in Body Mass Index in Adventist Health Study 2. J Nutr. septiembre de 2017;147(9):1722-8.
(39). Maukonen M, Kanerva N, Partonen T, Männistö S. Chronotype and energy intake timing in relation to changes in anthropometrics: a 7-year follow-up study in adults. Chronobiol Int. enero de 2019;36(1):27-41.
(40). Fong M, Caterson ID, Madigan CD. Are large dinners associated with excess weight, and does eating a smaller dinner achieve greater weight loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. octubre de 2017;118(8):616-28.
(41). Zeballos E, Todd JE. The effects of skipping a meal on daily energy intake and diet quality. Public Health Nutr. diciembre de 2020;23(18):3346-55.
(42). Montaruli A, Castelli L, Mulè A, Scurati R, Esposito F, Galasso L, et al. Biological Rhythm and Chronotype: New Perspectives in Health. Biomolecules. 24 de marzo de 2021;11(4):487.
(43). González JAO, Reboredo TB, Pliego MV, Rodríguez GS, Espinosa CB, Fernández MSP, et al. Cronotipo, composición corporal y resistencia a la insulina en estudiantes universitarias. Rev Cuba Aliment Nutr. 2018;28(2):272-86.
(44). Machado Rojas A, Díaz López IR, de la Torre Santos ME. Un breve acercamiento al cronotipo humano. Medicentro Electrónica. marzo de 2018;22(1):74-6.
(45). Hashemipour S, Yazdi Z, Mahabad N. Association of Evening Chronotype with Poor Control of Type 2 Diabetes: Roles of Sleep Duration and Insomnia Level. Int J Endocrinol Metab. julio de 2020;18(3):e99701.
(46). Hawley JA, Sassone-Corsi P, Zierath JR. Chrono-nutrition for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: from mice to men. Diabetologia. noviembre de 2020;63(11):2253-9.
(47). Ravussin E, Beyl RA, Poggiogalle E, Hsia DS, Peterson CM. Early Time-Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation But Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans. Obes Silver Spring Md. agosto de 2019;27(8):1244-54.
(48). Hall KD, Guo J. Obesity Energetics: Body Weight Regulation and the Effects of Diet Composition. Gastroenterology. mayo de 2017;152(7):1718-1727.e3.
(49). Xiao Q, Garaulet M, Scheer FAJL. Meal timing and obesity: interactions with macronutrient intake and chronotype. Int J Obes. septiembre de 2019;43(9):1701-11.
(2). de Mairan JJ. Observation botanique. Hist Acad Roy Sci. 1729;35-6.
(3). NIH. Ritmos circadianos [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15 de febrero de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/fact-sheets/Pages/circadian-rhythms-spanish.aspx
(4). Aschoff J. On the relationship between motor activity and the sleep-wake cycle in humans during temporal isolation. J Biol Rhythms. 1993;8(1):33-46.
(5). Erren TC, Reiter RJ, Piekarski C. Light, timing of biological rhythms, and chronodisruption in man. Naturwissenschaften. noviembre de 2003;90(11):485-94.
(6). J Sánchez Muniz F. Clock Genes, Chronodisruption, Nutrition and Obesity. Curr Res Diabetes Obes J [Internet]. 31 de julio de 2017 [citado 15 de febrero de 2022];3(2). Disponible en: http://juniperpublishers.com/crdoj/CRDOJ.MS.ID.555607.php
(7). Adafer R, Messaadi W, Meddahi M, Patey A, Haderbache A, Bayen S, et al. Food Timing, Circadian Rhythm and Chrononutrition: A Systematic Review of Time-Restricted Eating’s Effects on Human Health. Nutrients. 8 de diciembre de 2020;12(12):E3770.
(8). Poggiogalle E, Jamshed H, Peterson CM. Circadian regulation of glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism in humans. Metabolism. julio de 2018;84:11-27.
(9). Pittendrigh CS. Circadian rhythms and the circadian organization of living systems. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1960;25:159-84.
(10). Aschoff J, Gerecke U, Wever R. Desynchronization of human circadian rhythms. Jpn J Physiol. 15 de agosto de 1967;17(4):450-7.
(11). Challet E. The circadian regulation of food intake. Nat Rev Endocrinol. julio de 2019;15(7):393-405.
(12). Jacob R, Tremblay A, Panahi S, Provencher V, Drapeau V. Is the timing of food intake a potential indicator of low weight loss responders? A secondary analysis of three weight loss studies. Clin Obes. junio de 2020;10(3):e12360.
(13). Shaw E, Leung GKW, Jong J, Coates AM, Davis R, Blair M, et al. The Impact of Time of Day on Energy Expenditure: Implications for Long-Term Energy Balance. Nutrients. 6 de octubre de 2019;11(10):E2383.
(14). WHO. Body mass index - BMI [Internet]. [citado 15 de febrero de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi
(15). Basolo A, Bechi Genzano S, Piaggi P, Krakoff J, Santini F. Energy Balance and Control of Body Weight: Possible Effects of Meal Timing and Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation. Nutrients. 19 de septiembre de 2021;13(9):3276.
(16). Freire R. Scientific evidence of diets for weight loss: Different macronutrient composition, intermittent fasting, and popular diets. Nutr Burbank Los Angel Cty Calif. enero de 2020;69:110549.
(17). Calvo Fernández JR, Gianzo Citores M, Calvo Fernández JR, Gianzo Citores M. Los relojes biológicos de la alimentación. Nutr Hosp. 2018;35(SPE4):33-8.
(18). Engin A. Circadian Rhythms in Diet-Induced Obesity. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;960:19-52.
(19). Paoli A, Tinsley G, Bianco A, Moro T. The Influence of Meal Frequency and Timing on Health in Humans: The Role of Fasting. Nutrients. 28 de marzo de 2019;11(4):719.
(20). Leech RM, Worsley A, Timperio A, McNaughton SA. Temporal eating patterns: a latent class analysis approach. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 7 de enero de 2017;14(1):3.
(21). Nakamura K, Nakamura Y. Hunger and Satiety Signaling: Modeling Two Hypothalamomedullary Pathways for Energy Homeostasis. BioEssays News Rev Mol Cell Dev Biol. agosto de 2018;40(8):e1700252.
(22). Pot GK. Sleep and dietary habits in the urban environment: the role of chrono-nutrition. Proc Nutr Soc. agosto de 2018;77(3):189-98.
(23). Schutz Y. Macronutrients and energy balance in obesity. Metabolism. septiembre de 1995;44(9 Suppl 3):7-11.
(24). Thomas EA, Zaman A, Cornier MA, Catenacci VA, Tussey EJ, Grau L, et al. Later Meal and Sleep Timing Predicts Higher Percent Body Fat. Nutrients. 29 de diciembre de 2020;13(1):E73.
(25). Stelmach-Mardas M, Kleiser C, Uzhova I, Peñalvo JL, La Torre G, Palys W, et al. Seasonality of food groups and total energy intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr. junio de 2016;70(6):700-8.
(26). Yoshimura E, Tajiri E, Hatamoto Y, Tanaka S. Changes in Season Affect Body Weight, Physical Activity, Food Intake, and Sleep in Female College Students: A Preliminary Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 24 de noviembre de 2020;17(23):E8713.
(27). Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Vuksan V, Brighenti F, Cunnane SC, Rao AV, et al. Nibbling versus gorging: metabolic advantages of increased meal frequency. N Engl J Med. 5 de octubre de 1989;321(14):929-34.
(28). Zerón-Rugerio MF, Díez-Noguera A, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Cambras T. Higher eating frequency is associated with lower adiposity and robust circadian rhythms: a cross-sectional study. Am J Clin Nutr. 23 de octubre de 2020;nqaa282.
(29). McHill AW, Phillips AJ, Czeisler CA, Keating L, Yee K, Barger LK, et al. Later circadian timing of food intake is associated with increased body fat. Am J Clin Nutr. noviembre de 2017;106(5):1213-9.
(30). Wehrens SMT, Christou S, Isherwood C, Middleton B, Gibbs MA, Archer SN, et al. Meal Timing Regulates the Human Circadian System. Curr Biol CB. 19 de junio de 2017;27(12):1768-1775.e3.
(31). Belinova L, Kahleova H, Malinska H, Topolcan O, Windrichova J, Oliyarnyk O, et al. The effect of meal frequency in a reduced-energy regimen on the gastrointestinal and appetite hormones in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised crossover study. PloS One. 2017;12(4):e0174820.
(32). Vilela S, Oliveira A, Severo M, Lopes C. Chrono-Nutrition: The Relationship between Time-of-Day Energy and Macronutrient Intake and Children’s Body Weight Status. J Biol Rhythms. 1 de junio de 2019;34(3):332-42.
(33). Dashti HS, Scheer FAJL, Saxena R, Garaulet M. Timing of Food Intake: Identifying Contributing Factors to Design Effective Interventions. Adv Nutr Bethesda Md. 1 de julio de 2019;10(4):606-20.
(34). Dashti HS, Gómez-Abellán P, Qian J, Esteban A, Morales E, Scheer FAJL, et al. Late eating is associated with cardiometabolic risk traits, obesogenic behaviors, and impaired weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr. 6 de octubre de 2020;nqaa264.
(35). Hatanaka M, Hatamoto Y, Tajiri E, Matsumoto N, Tanaka S, Yoshimura E. An Earlier First Meal Timing Associates with Weight Loss Effectiveness in A 12-Week Weight Loss Support Program. Nutrients. 7 de enero de 2022;14(2):249.
(36). Lopez-Minguez J, Gómez-Abellán P, Garaulet M. Timing of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner. Effects on Obesity and Metabolic Risk. Nutrients. 1 de noviembre de 2019;11(11):E2624.
(37). Richter J, Herzog N, Janka S, Baumann T, Kistenmacher A, Oltmanns KM. Twice as High Diet-Induced Thermogenesis After Breakfast vs Dinner On High-Calorie as Well as Low-Calorie Meals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1 de marzo de 2020;105(3):dgz311.
(38). Kahleova H, Lloren JI, Mashchak A, Hill M, Fraser GE. Meal Frequency and Timing Are Associated with Changes in Body Mass Index in Adventist Health Study 2. J Nutr. septiembre de 2017;147(9):1722-8.
(39). Maukonen M, Kanerva N, Partonen T, Männistö S. Chronotype and energy intake timing in relation to changes in anthropometrics: a 7-year follow-up study in adults. Chronobiol Int. enero de 2019;36(1):27-41.
(40). Fong M, Caterson ID, Madigan CD. Are large dinners associated with excess weight, and does eating a smaller dinner achieve greater weight loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. octubre de 2017;118(8):616-28.
(41). Zeballos E, Todd JE. The effects of skipping a meal on daily energy intake and diet quality. Public Health Nutr. diciembre de 2020;23(18):3346-55.
(42). Montaruli A, Castelli L, Mulè A, Scurati R, Esposito F, Galasso L, et al. Biological Rhythm and Chronotype: New Perspectives in Health. Biomolecules. 24 de marzo de 2021;11(4):487.
(43). González JAO, Reboredo TB, Pliego MV, Rodríguez GS, Espinosa CB, Fernández MSP, et al. Cronotipo, composición corporal y resistencia a la insulina en estudiantes universitarias. Rev Cuba Aliment Nutr. 2018;28(2):272-86.
(44). Machado Rojas A, Díaz López IR, de la Torre Santos ME. Un breve acercamiento al cronotipo humano. Medicentro Electrónica. marzo de 2018;22(1):74-6.
(45). Hashemipour S, Yazdi Z, Mahabad N. Association of Evening Chronotype with Poor Control of Type 2 Diabetes: Roles of Sleep Duration and Insomnia Level. Int J Endocrinol Metab. julio de 2020;18(3):e99701.
(46). Hawley JA, Sassone-Corsi P, Zierath JR. Chrono-nutrition for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: from mice to men. Diabetologia. noviembre de 2020;63(11):2253-9.
(47). Ravussin E, Beyl RA, Poggiogalle E, Hsia DS, Peterson CM. Early Time-Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation But Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans. Obes Silver Spring Md. agosto de 2019;27(8):1244-54.
(48). Hall KD, Guo J. Obesity Energetics: Body Weight Regulation and the Effects of Diet Composition. Gastroenterology. mayo de 2017;152(7):1718-1727.e3.
(49). Xiao Q, Garaulet M, Scheer FAJL. Meal timing and obesity: interactions with macronutrient intake and chronotype. Int J Obes. septiembre de 2019;43(9):1701-11.
