MLS Health and Nutrition Research
Vol. 2 Núm. 2 (2023)
ISSN: 2952-2471
Revisión sobre la intervención dietética en síndrome de ovario poliquístico
Publicado Nov 10, 2023
Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar cuál es la intervención dietética óptima en mujeres con Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico (SOP). Para ello, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica. Se estudiaron documentos, páginas web oficiales y distintos artículos científicos. Para el análisis de estudios, fueron seleccionados distintos artículos que investigaban el efecto de una de las dietas de estudio en mujeres con SOP. Se tuvieron en cuenta un total de 19 artículos publicados entre 2015 y 2022, obtenidos de la base de datos PubMed. Como resultado se obtuvo que cualquiera de las dietas de estudio puede resultar de interés clínico para la pérdida de peso. La dieta mediterránea (DM) es interesante por su capacidad antioxidante. La dieta DASH y la dieta cetogénica (DC) han mostrado ser eficaces para controlar la glucemia en la población de estudio. La dieta de bajo índice glucémico (IG) puede mejorar el perfil de hormonas sexuales y otros parámetros analíticos, como el colesterol total o los triglicéridos. Son necesarios más estudios y con una mayor muestra para poder confirmar los resultados hallados. No obstante, la información expuesta en este artículo muestra que una pérdida de peso, en caso de que sea necesario, una dieta antiinflamatoria y un control en la ingesta de hidratos de carbono son características a tener en cuenta para mejorar la sintomatología y la salud de mujeres con SOP.
Palabras clave:
Síndrome de ovario poliquístico, dieta mediterránea, dieta DASH, dieta cetogénica, dieta de bajo índice glucémico
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Calvo Pajares, S. (2023). Revisión sobre la intervención dietética en síndrome de ovario poliquístico. MLS Health and Nutrition Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.60134/mlshnr.v2i2.2235
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2. Ruiz Rodríguez R, Serrano Mera VK, Solis Guzmán PG, Montes Mendoza GA. Síntomas y tratamiento de pacientes diagnosticadas con síndrome de ovario poliquístico. RECIAMUC. 2020 Dec 24; 4(4):125–33. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.26820/reciamuc/4.(4).diciembre.2020.125-133
3. Ajmal N, Khan SZ, Shaikh R. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and genetic predisposition: A review article. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X. Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 2019; 3. DOI: https://10.1016/j.eurox.2019.100060
4. Patel S. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrino pathy. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Elsevier Ltd. 2018; 182: 27–36. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.04.008
5. Merve Esra Çıtar Dazıroğlu, Nilüfer Acar Tek. The Effect on Inflammation of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. 2023 Marzo; 12(1): 191-202. doi: 10.1007/s13668-023-00451-6. Disponible en: 10.1007/s13668-023-00451-6
6. Cutillas-Tolín A, Arense-Gonzalo JJ, Mendiola J, Adoamnei E, Navarro-Lafuente F, Sánchez-Ferrer ML, et al. Are dietary indices associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and its phenotypes? A preliminary study. Nutrients. 2021 Feb 1;13(2):1–18. Disponible en: 10.3390/nu13020313
7. Sidra S, Tariq MH, Farrukh MJ, Mohsin M. Evaluation of clinical manifestations, health risks, and quality of life among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One. 2019 Oct 1;14(10). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223329
8. Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2018 Aug 1;110(3): 364–79. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.004
9. Yosri MM, Hamada HA, Yousef AM. Effect of visceral manipulation on menstrual complaints in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine. 2022 Aug 1;122(8): 411–22. DOI: 10.1515/jom-2021-0255
10. Wang Q, Sun Y, Xu Q, Liu W, Wang P, Yao J, et al. Higher dietary inflammation potential and certain dietary patterns are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome risk in China: A case-control study. Nutrition Research. 2022 Apr 1; 100:1–18. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.12.006
11. Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Definition, etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. Nature Publishing Group. 2018; 14: 270–84. DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2018.24
12. Rosenfield R.L, Ehrmann D.A. The Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrom (PCOS): The Hyphothesis of PCOS as Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism Revisited. 2016; 37(5): 467-520. doi: 10.1210/er.2015-1104
13. Smet ME, McLennan A. Rotterdam criteria, the end. Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2018 May; 21(2): 59–60. doi: 10.1002/ajum.12096
14.
15. Sánchez Gaitán E. Actualización del manejo de síndrome de ovario poliquístico. Revista Médica Sinergia. 2019; 4(12). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.31434/rms.v4i12.322
16. MedlinePlus [sede Web]. [citado en 13 de marzo 2023]. Disponible en: https://medlineplus.gov/spanish
17. Pérez Monteverde A. Diagnóstico bioquímico del de ovario poliquístico. Rev Venez Endocrinol Metab. 2007;5(3).
18. Hoeger KM, Dokras A, Piltonen T. Update on PCOS: Consequences, Challenges, and Guiding Treatment. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Endocrine Society. 2021: 106; 1071–83. Disponible en: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa839
19. Hu L, Ma L, Xia X, Ying T, Zhou M, Zou S, et al. Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Women with Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2022 Aug 1;107(8):3217–29. DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac294
20. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. 2022. [citado en 20 marzo 2023]. Disponible en: https://www.mayoclinic.org/es-es/tests-procedures/bariatric-surgery/about/pac-20394258
21. Merviel P, James P, Bouée S, Le Guillou M, Rince C, Nachtergaele C, et al. Impact of myo-inositol treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome in assisted reproductive technologies. Reproductive Health. BioMed Central Ltd. 2021: 18. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01073-3
22. Paoli A, Mancin L, Giacona MC, Bianco A, Caprio M. Effects of a ketogenic diet in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Transl Med. 2020 Feb 27; 18(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02277-0
23. Rodriguez Paris V, Solon-Biet SM, Senior AM, Edwards MC, Desai R, Tedla N, et al. Defining the impact of dietary macronutrient balance on PCOS traits. Nat Commun. 2020 Dec 1;11(1). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19003-5
24. Lin AW, Kazemi M, Jarrett BY, Brink H vanden, Hoeger KM, Spandorfer SD, et al. Dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome per the new international evidence-based guideline. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 1;11(11). doi: 10.3390/nu11112711
25. H. Al Wattar B, M. sssain N, S. Khan K. Lifestyle interventions in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A scoping systematic review of randomised evidence. Medicina de Familia SEMERGEN. 2022 Apr 1;48(3):186–94. Doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2021.10.010
26. Che X, Chen Z, Liu M, Mo Z. Dietary Interventions: A Promising Treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. S. Karger AG; 2021; 77: 313–23. DOI: 10.1159/000519302
27. Shang Y, Zhou H, Hu M, Feng H. Effect of diet on insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2020 Oct 1;105(10):1–15. Disponible en: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa425
28. Barrea L, Arnone A, Annunziata G, Muscogiuri G, Laudisio D, Salzano C, et al. Adherence to the mediterranean diet, dietary patterns and body composition in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Nutrients. 2019;11(10). Disponible en: 10.3390/nu11102278
29. Magagnini MC, Condorelli RA, Cimino L, Cannarella R, Aversa A, Calogero AE, et al. Does the Ketogenic Diet Improve the Quality of Ovarian Function in Obese Women? Nutrients. 2022 Oct 1;14(19). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194147
30. Cincione RI, Losavio F, Ciolli F, Valenzano A, Cibelli G, Messina G, et al. Effects of mixed of a ketogenic diet in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 1;18(23). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312490
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