Relación entre la inteligencia espiritual y la flexibilidad psicológica en el marco de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso


Resumen

Diferentes investigaciones ponen de manifiesto la influencia de la espiritualidad en la salud y el bienestar de las personas a través del concepto de inteligencia espiritual. Del mismo modo, desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso se trabaja en el desarrollo de la denomina flexibilidad psicológica del individuo, relacionada en numerosas investigaciones con abundantes beneficios para la salud. Sin embargo, no se encuentran estudios que evalúen la posible relación entre ambos constructos. Por ello, en esta investigación se trabaja con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre la inteligencia espiritual y la flexibilidad psicológica, considerando la hipótesis de que existe una relación directa significativa entre ambas variables. Se sigue una metodología cuantitativa, con diseño no experimental, transversal y de tipo correlacional. Se obtiene una muestra de 166 sujetos no clínicos. Los instrumentos utilizados son el SISRI-24 para evaluar la inteligencia espiritual y el AAQ-II para la flexibilidad psicológica. Los resultados no muestran relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables (coeficiente de correlación de Spearman de 0,011 con p = 0,889), lo que sugiere que la inteligencia espiritual y la flexibilidad cognitiva son constructos independientes que influyen por separado sobre la salud y bienestar de las personas. No obstante, se discuten los resultados proponiendo futuras líneas de investigación en base a las limitaciones encontradas.

Palabras clave: Espiritualidad, inteligencia espiritual, flexibilidad cognitiva, terapia de aceptación, compromiso

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Cómo citar

San Sebastián Samperio, G. (2023). Relación entre la inteligencia espiritual y la flexibilidad psicológica en el marco de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso. MLS Psychology Research, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.33000/mlspr.v6i1.1287


Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.

Estadísticas


Citas

Barnes-Holmes, Y., Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (2001). Relational frame theory: a post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 28, 101–138. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2407(02)80063-5

Barraca, J. (2012). ¿Aceptación o control mental? Terapias de aceptación y mindfulness frente a las técnicas cognitivo-conductuales para la eliminación de pensamientos instrusos. Análisis y Modificación de Conducta, 37(155–156). Retrieved 20 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.33776/amc.v37i155-156.1317

Bond, F., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., … Zettle, R. D. (2011). Preliminary Psychometric Properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II: A Revised Measure of Psychological Inflexibility and Experiential Avoidance. Behavior Therapy, 42(4), 676–688. Retrieved 7 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.007

Borges, C. C., Dos Santos, P. R., Alves, P. M., Borges, R. C. M., Lucchetti, G., Barbosa, M. A., … Fernandes, M. R. (2021). Association between spirituality/religiousness and quality of life among healthy adults: a systematic review. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 19(1), 246. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01878-7

Burlacu, A., Artene, B., Nistor, I., Buju, S., Jugrin, D., Mavrichi, I., & Covic, A. (2019). Religiosity, spirituality and quality of life of dialysis patients: a systematic review. International Urology and Nephrology, 51, 1–12. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-019-02129-x

Bustinza, L., & Sumarriva, N. (2018). Relación entre inteligencia espiritual y estrés percibido en estudiantes de pregrado: estudio preliminar. Revista Peruana de Medicina Integrativa, 2, 841. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.26722/rpmi.2017.24.72

Byrne, G., & O’Mahony, T. (2020). Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism spectrum conditions (ASC): A systematic review". Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 18, 247–255. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.10.001

Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1995). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 309–319. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.309

Duche, A. B. D., Paredes Quispe, F. M., Gutierrez Aguilar, O. A., & Roldán Vargas, K. L. (2021). Religiosidad y espiritualidad en mujeres con cáncer de mama: revisión integrativa de la literatura. Centro Sur, 5(2), 22–37. Retrieved 4 January 2022 from https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8064421

Emmons, R. A. (2000). Is Spirituality an Intelligence? Motivation, Cognition, and the Psychology of Ultimate Concern. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 10(1), 3–26. Retrieved 19 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327582IJPR1001_2

Emmons, R. A. (2003). The Psychology of Ultimate Concerns: Motivation and Spirituality in Personality. Guilford Press.

Engel, G. L. (1977). The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science (New York, N.Y.), 196(4286), 129–136. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1126/science.847460

Ferguson, M. A., Schaper, F., Cohen, A., Siddiqi, S., Merrill, S. M., Nielsen, J. A., … Fox, M. D. (2022). A Neural Circuit for Spirituality and Religiosity Derived From Patients With Brain Lesions. Biological Psychiatry, 91(4), 380–388. Retrieved 23 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.06.016

Fernández, C. (2016). Intervenciones enfermeras en el proceso de aceptación y compromiso con la vida ante una lesión medular adquirida: revisión de la literatura. Revista Científica de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológica, 43, 8–16. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedene.2015.11.002

Frankl, V. (1966). Logotherapy and existential analysis. A review. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 20(2), 252–260. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1966.20.2.252

Fuentes, L. del C. (2019). La Religiosidad y la Espiritualidad ¿Son conceptos teóricos independientes? Revista de Psicología, 14(28), 109–119. Retrieved 23 January 2022 from https://erevistas.uca.edu.ar/index.php/RPSI/article/view/1742

Gardner, H. (2001). La inteligencia reformulada - Las inteligencias múltiples en el siglo XXI.pdf. Paidós Ibérica.

González-Fernández, S., & Fernández-Rodríguez, C. (2019). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Cancer: Review of Applications and Findings. Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.), 45(3), 255–269. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2018.1452713

Harris, R. (2021). Hazlo simple. Obelisco.

Hayes, S. (2021). Una mente liberada: La guía esencial de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT) (1st ed.). Barcelona: Planeta.

Hayes, S. (2022). The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-2). Retrieved from https://stevenchayes.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/The-Acceptance-and-Action-Questionnaire.pdf

Hayes, S. C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behavior Therapy, 35(4), 639–665. Retrieved 20 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(04)80013-3

Katerndahl, D. A. (2008). Impact of Spiritual Symptoms and Their Interactions on Health Services and Life Satisfaction. The Annals of Family Medicine, 6(5), 412–420. Retrieved 17 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.886

Keinonen, K., Puolakanaho, A., Lappalainen, P., Lappalainen, R., & Kiuru, N. (2021). Developmental trajectories of experiential avoidance and depressive symptoms and association to health behaviors among adolescents during brief guided online acceptance and commitment therapy. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 22, 24–31. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.08.002

King, D., & DeCicco, T. (2009). A Viable Model and Self-Report Measure of Spiritual Intelligence. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 28(1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24972/ijts.2009.28.1.68

Landi, G., Pakenham, K. I., Boccolini, G., Grandi, S., & Tossani, E. (2020). Health Anxiety and Mental Health Outcome During COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy: The Mediating and Moderating Roles of Psychological Flexibility. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. Retrieved 5 February 2022 from https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02195

Lenhard, W., & Lenhard, A. (2017). Computation of Effect Sizes. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17823.92329

Luciano, C. (2016). Evolución de ACT. Análisis y modificación de conducta, 42(165–166), 3–14. Retrieved 19 January 2022 from https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5521292

Luciano, C., Ruiz, F., & Luciano, C. (2009). Eficacia de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT) en la mejora del rendimiento ajedrecístico de jóvenes promesas. Psicothema, 21(3), 347–352.

Manchón, J., Quiles, M. J., León, E. M., & López-Roig, S. (2020). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on physical activity: A systematic review. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 17, 135–143. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.07.008

Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(3), 370–396.

Moafi, F., Momeni, M., Tayeba, M., Rahimi, S., & Hajnasiri, H. (2021). Spiritual Intelligence and Post-abortion Depression: A Coping Strategy. Journal of Religion and Health, 60(1), 326–334. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0705-0

Moreira-Almeida, A., Sharma, A., van Rensburg, B. J., Verhagen, P. J., & Cook, C. C. H. (2016). WPA Position Statement on Spirituality and Religion in Psychiatry. World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 15(1), 87–88. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20304

Navarro, N., & Trigueros, R. (2021). Generación de estigma hacia la esquizofrenia en estudiantes universitarios desde la teoría del marco relacional: una réplica experimental. Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual, 29, 73–93. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.51668/bp.8321104s

Organización Mundial de la Salud. (1999). 52a Asamblea Mundial de la Salud (p. 309). Ginebra. Retrieved 17 January 2022 from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/258944

Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2020). Constitución de la Organización Mundial de la
Salud. Documentos básicos. (49th ed.). Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/gb/bd/pdf_files/BD_49th-sp.pdf#page=7

Parra, A., & Ribilla, N. (2020). Relación entre inteligencia espiritual y satisfacción existencial con la experiencia paranormal. Persona, 101–116. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.26439/persona2020.n023(2).4854

Patrón-Espinosa, F. de J. (2013). La evitación experiencial como dimensión funcional de los trastornos de depresión, ansiedad y psicóticos. Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 5(1), 85–95. Retrieved 5 February 2022 from https://doi.org/10.5460/jbhsi.v5.1.38728

Paulos-Guarnieri, L., Linares, I. M. P., & El Rafihi-Ferreira, R. (2022). Evidence and characteristics of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based interventions for insomnia: A systematic review of randomized and non-randomized trials. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 23, 1–14. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.11.001

Pérez, M. C. (2016). Inteligencia Espiritual. Conceptualización y cartografía psicológica. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología., 2(1), 63. Retrieved 4 December 2021 from https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2016.n1.v2.294

Persinger, M., Saroka, K., Koren, S., & St-Pierre, L. (2009). The Electromagnetic Induction of Mystical and Altered States within the Laboratory. J Conscious Expl Res, 1.

Philip, J., & Cherian, V. (2021). Acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 28, 100603. Retrieved 5 December 2021 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100603

Ramachandran, V. S., & Blakeslee, S. (1998). Phantoms in the brain: probing the mysteries of the human mind (1st ed). New York: William Morrow.

Rochefort, C., Baldwin, A. S., & Chmielewski, M. (2018). Experiential Avoidance: An Examination of the Construct Validity of the AAQ-II and MEAQ. Behavior Therapy, 49(3), 435–449. Retrieved 5 February 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2017.08.008

Ruiz, F. (2010). A review of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) empirical evidence: Correlational, experimental psychopathology, component and outcome studies. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 10, 125–162.

Ruiz, F. J., Langer Herrera, Á. I., & Luciano, C. (2013). Measuring experiential avoidance and psychological inflexibility: The Spanish version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II. Psicothema, (25.1), 123–129. Retrieved 27 October 2021 from https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2011.239

Saad, M., De Medeiros, R., & Mosini, A. C. (2017). Are We Ready for a True Biopsychosocial–Spiritual Model? The Many Meanings of “Spiritual”. Medicines, 4(4), 79. Retrieved 17 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4040079

Salgado, A. C. (2014). Revisión de estudios empíricos sobre el impacto de la religión, religiosidad y espiritualidad como factores protectores. Propósitos y Representaciones, 2(1), 121–159. Retrieved 5 December 2021 from https://doi.org/10.20511/pyr2014.v2n1.55

Shabani, M. J., Mohsenabadi, H., Omidi, A., Lee, E. B., Twohig, M. P., Ahmadvand, A., & Zanjani, Z. (2019). An Iranian study of group acceptance and commitment therapy versus group cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder on an optimal dose of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 22, 100440. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.04.003

Singer, W. (1999). Neurobiology: Striving for coherence. Nature, 397(6718), 391–393. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1038/17021

Soriano, M. C. L., & Salas, S. V. (2006). La Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT): fundamentos, características y evidencia. Papeles del psicólogo, 27(2), 79–91. Retrieved 20 January 2022 from https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2009007

Thekiso, T. B., Murphy, P., Milnes, J., Lambe, K., Curtin, A., & Farren, C. K. (2015). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder and Comorbid Affective Disorder: A Pilot Matched Control Trial. Behavior Therapy, 46(6), 717–728. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.05.005

Thompson, B. L., Twohig, M. P., & Luoma, J. B. (2021). Psychological flexibility as shared process of change in acceptance and commitment therapy and exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A single case design study. Behavior Therapy, 52(2), 286–297. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2020.04.011

Törneke, N., Luciano, C., Barnes-Holmes, Y., & Bond, F. W. (2016). RFT for clinical practice : three core strategies in understanding and treating human suffering. In The Wiley handbook of contextual behavioral science (pp. 254–272). Wiley-Blackwell. Retrieved 20 January 2022 from http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8510023

Torralba, F. (2010). Inteligencia Espiritual.pdf (3rd ed.). Barcelona: Plataforma.

Twohig, M. P., Abramowitz, J. S., Smith, B. M., Fabricant, L. E., Jacoby, R. J., Morrison, K. L., … Ledermann, T. (2018). Adding acceptance and commitment therapy to exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 108, 1–9. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2018.06.005

Twohig, M. P., & Levin, M. E. (2017). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a Treatment for Anxiety and Depression: A Review. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 40(4), 751–770. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.009

Twohig, M., Vilardaga, J. P., Levin, M. E., & Hayes, S. (2015). Changes in psychological flexibility during acceptance and commitment therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCBS.2015.07.001

Tyndall, I., Waldeck, D., Pancani, L., Whelan, R., Roche, B., & Dawson, D. L. (2019). The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) as a measure of experiential avoidance: Concerns over discriminant validity. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 12, 278–284. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.09.005

Urchaga-Litago, J. D., Morán-Astorga, C., & Fínez-Silva, M. J. (2019). La religiosidad como fortaleza humana. Revista INFAD de Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology., 1(1), 309–316. Retrieved 5 December 2021 from https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2019.n1.v1.1429

Valiente-Barroso, C., Sáiz-Obeso, J., Valiente-Barroso, B., Lombraña-Ruiz, R., & Martínez-Vicente, M. (2020). Inflexibilidad psicológica gestionada por profesionales sanitarios durante el estado de alarma vinculado al COVID-19. APUNTES DE PSICOLOGÍA, 38(3), 149–158. Retrieved 5 February 2022 from https://www.apuntesdepsicologia.es/index.php/revista/article/view/821

van de Graaf, D. L., Trompetter, H. R., Smeets, T., & Mols, F. (2021). Online Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) interventions for chronic pain: A systematic literature review. Internet Interventions, 26, 100465. Retrieved 21 January 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2021.100465

Veehof, M. M., Trompetter, H. R., Bohlmeijer, E. T., & Schreurs, K. M. G. (2016). Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 45(1), 5–31. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2015.1098724

Villatte, M., Villatte, J., & Hayes, S. (2016). Mastering the Clinical Conversation: Language as Intervention. New York: Guilford Press.

Yıldız, E. (2020a). The effects of acceptance and commitment therapy in psychosis treatment: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 56(1), 149–167. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12396

Yıldız, E. (2020b). The effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on lifestyle and behavioral changes: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 56(3), 657–690. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12482

Zinnbauer, B., Pargament, K., Cole, B., Rye, M., Butter, E., Belavich, T., … Kadar, J. (1997). Religion and spirituality: Unfuzzying the fuzzy. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2307/1387689

Zohar, D., & Marshall, I. (2001). Inteligencia espiritual. Barcelona: Plaza y Janés Editores S.A.