MLS Sport Research
Vol. 2 Núm. 1 (2022)
ISSN: 2792-7156
Salto con contramovimiento y test de agilidad T, ¿posibles indicadores de fatiga acumulada en baloncesto juvenil?
Publicado May 13, 2022
Resumen
Introducción: existe creciente interés en controlar la fatiga acumulada en el deporte. En este trajo se estudió el salto con contramovimiento (CMJ) y el Test de agilidad T (TaT), como posibles indicadores de fatiga acumulada en jugadores juveniles de básquetbol. Métodos: 16 jugadores masculinos fueron divididos en grupos: experimental (EXP) y control (CONT). Todos realizaron entrenamiento físico y técnico-táctico con una frecuencia de 5 veces semanales, durante cuatro microciclos (MiC). Durante el 1er MiC, todos los participantes entrenaron con una carga de poca intensidad. Subsecuentemente, el grupo EXP entrenó con cargas progresivamente más altas, finalizando con intensidades muy elevadas; el grupo CONT mantuvo una intensidad baja de entrenamiento durante todo el mesociclo. Antes de la intervención, y al finalizar cada MiC, todos los sujetos fueron testeados mediante CMJ y TaT. Resultados: en EXP se observó una pérdida de rendimiento en ambos test (p < 0.05), al comparar cada evaluación con la precedente. En CONT, no se observaron pérdidas de rendimiento en CMJ; en cuanto al TaT, únicamente se verificó una reducción en el rendimiento (p < 0.05) al comparar la evaluación al finalizar el 4º MiC con la correspondiente al finalizar el 3er MiC. Adicionalmente, se estableció una correlación moderada (r = -0.589) y alta (r = 0.683) respectivamente, entre el rendimiento en CMJ y TaT, con relación a la intensidad de entrenamiento. Conclusiones: estos hallazgos indicarían que ambos test podrían ser útiles como una herramienta de control de la fatiga acumulada, durante un mesociclo de entrenamiento en básquetbol juvenil.
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Maurente, G., Chávez, B., & Parodi, A. (2022). Salto con contramovimiento y test de agilidad T, ¿posibles indicadores de fatiga acumulada en baloncesto juvenil?. MLS Sport Research, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.54716/mlssr.v2i1.1203
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Abdelkrim, N., Castagna, C., Jabri, I., Battikh, T., El Fazaa, S., y Ati, J. (2010). Activity profile and physiological requirements of junior elite basketball players in relation to aerobic-anaerobic fitness. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(9), 2330-2342.
Aoki, M.S., Ronda, L.T., Marcelino, P.R., Drago, G., Carling, C., Bradley, P.S. y Moreira, A. (2017). Monitoring training loads in professional basketball players engaged in a periodized training program. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 31(2), 348-358. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001507
Balyi, I., Way, R., y Higgs, C. (2013). Long-term athlete development. Human Kinetics.
Boone, J., y Bourgois, J. (2013). Morphological and physiological profile of elite basketball players in Belgium. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(6), 630-638. http://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.6.630
Bosco, C., Luhtanen, P., y Komi, P. (1983). A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 50(2), 273-282.
Chaouachi, A., Brughelli, M., Chamari, K., Levin, GT, Abdelkrim, N.B, Laurencelle, L. y Castagna, C. (2009). Lower limb maximal dynamic strength and agility determinants in elite basketball players. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 23(5), 1570-1577. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a4e7f0
Clarke, N., Farthing, J. P., Norris, S. R., Arnold, B. E., y Lanovaz, J. L. (2013). Quantification of training load in Canadian football: application of session-RPE in collision-based team sports. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2198-2205. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827e1334
de Freitas Cruz, I., Pereira, L.A., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Cedra, C., Loturco, I., y Abad, C. C. C. (2018). Perceived training load and jumping responses following nine weeks of a competitive period in young female basketball players. PeerJ, 6, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5225
Delextrat, A., Trochym, E., y Calleja-Gonzalez, J. (2012). Effect of a typical in-season week on strength jump and sprint performances in national-level female basketball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 52(2), 128-136
Foster, C., Daines, E., Hector, L., Snyder, A. C. y Welsh, R. (1996). Athletic performance in relation to training load. Wisconsin Medical Journal, 95(6), 370-374.
Foster, C., Florhaug, J.A, Franklin, J., Gottschall, L., Hrovatin, L.A, Parker, S., Florhaug, J., Doleshal, P. y Dodge, C. (2001). A new approach to monitoring exercise training. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 15(1), 109-115. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200102000-00019
Freitas, V. H., Nakamura, F. Y., Miloski, B., Samulski, D., y Bara-Filho, M. G. (2014). Sensitivity of physiological and psychological markers to training load intensification in volleyball players. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 13(3), 571.
Gathercole, R. J., Sporer, B.C., y Stellingwerff, T. (2015). Countermovement jump performance with increased training loads in elite female rugby athletes. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(09), 722-728. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1547262
Gathercole, R. J., Sporer, B. C., Stellingwerff, T., y Sleivert, G. G. (2015). Comparison of the capacity of different jump and sprint field tests to detect neuromuscular fatigue. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 29(9), 2522-2531. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000912
Haddad, M., Stylianides, G., Djaoui, L., Dellal, A., y Chamari, K. (2017). Session-RPE method for training load monitoring: validity, ecological usefulness, and influencing factors. Frontiers in neuroscience, 11, 612.
Hagstrom, A.D., y Shorter, K.A. (2018). Creatine kinase, neuromuscular fatigue, and the contact codes of football: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-and post-match differences. European Journal of Sport Science, 18(9), 1234-1244. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1480661
Jiménez-Reyes, P., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., y González-Badillo, J. J. (2011). Analysis of Variables Measured in Vertical Jump Related to Athletic Performance and its Application to Training. Cultura Ciencia y Deporte, 6(17), 113-9. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v6i17.38
Jimenez-Reyes, P., Pareja-Blanco, F., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., Morcillo, J. A., Párraga, J. A., y González-Badillo, J. J. (2016). Mechanical, metabolic and perceptual response during sprint training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(10), 807-812. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-107251
Loturco, I., Pereira, L., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Cal A., César C., Marques, G., Guerriero, A., Moraes, J., y Nakamura, F., (2017). Validity and usability of a new system for measuring and monitoring variations in vertical jump performance. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 31(9), 2579-2585. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002086
Lupo, C., Tessitore, A., Gasperi, L., y Gomez, A. R. (2017). Session-RPE for quantifying the load of different youth basketball training sessions. Biology of sport, 34(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.63381
Manzi, V., D'ottavio, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., Chaouachi, A., Chamari, K., y Castagna, C. (2010). Profile of weekly training load in elite male professional basketball players. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1399-1406. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d7552a
Miras Moreno, S. (2020). La altura del salto en contramovimiento como instrumento de control de la fatiga neuromuscular. Revisión sistemática (Counter-movement Jump height as a means to monitor neuromuscular fatigue. Systematic Review). Retos, 37, 820-826. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.73302
Montgomery, P. G., Pyne, D. B. y Minahan, C.L. (2010). The physical and physiological demands of basketball training and competition. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5(1), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.5.1.75
Moreira, A., Crewther, B., Freitas, C. G., Arruda, A. F., Costa, E. C., & Aoki, M. S. (2012). Session RPE and salivary immune-endocrine responses to simulated and official basketball matches in elite young male athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 52(6), 682-687
Póvoas, S. C., Ascensão, A. A., Magalhães, J., Seabra, A. F., Krustrup, P., Soares, J. M., y Rebelo, A. N. (2014). Analysis of fatigue development during elite male handball matches. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2640-2648. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000424
Rago, V., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Ermidis, G., Barreira, D., y Rebelo, A. (2020). The arrowhead agility test: reliability, minimum detectable change, and practical applications in soccer players. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 34(2), 483-494. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002987
Raya, M. A., Gailey, R. S., Gaunaurd, I. A., Jayne, D. M., Campbell, S. M., Gagne, E., Manrique, P.G., Muller, D.G. y Tucker, C. (2013). Comparison of three agility tests with male servicemembers: Edgren Side Step Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 50(7), 951-960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2012.05.0096
San Román, J., Calleja-González, J., Castellano, J., y Casamichana, D. (2010). Análisis de la capacidad de salto antes, durante y después de la competición en jugadores internacionales junior de baloncesto. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 6(21), 311-321. https://doi.org/10.5332/ricyde2010.02105
Scanlan, A., Humphries, B., Tucker, P.S. y Dalbo, V. (2014). The influence of physical and cognitive factors on reactive agility performance in men basketball players. Journal of Sport Science, 32 (4), 367-374. http://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.825730
Sekulic, D., Pehar, M., Krolo, A., Spasic, M., Uljevic, O., Calleja-González, J., y Sattler, T. (2017). Evaluation of basketball-specific agility: applicability of preplanned and nonplanned agility performances for differentiating playing positions and playing levels. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 31(8), 2278-2288. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001646
Semenick, D. (1990). Tests and measurements: The T-test. Strength y Conditioning Journal, 12(1), 36-37.
Singh, F., Foster, C., Tod, D., y McGuigan, M.R. (2007). Monitoring different types of resistance training using session rating of perceived exertion. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2(1), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2.1.34
Spiteri, T., Nimphius, S., Hart, N. H., Specos, C., Sheppard, J. M., y Newton, R. U. (2014). Contribution of strength characteristics to change of direction and agility performance in female basketball athletes. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2415-2423. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000547
Stojanović, E., Stojiljković, N., Scanlan, A.T., Dalbo, V.J., Berkelmans, D.M. y Milanović, Z. (2018). The activity demands and physiological responses encountered during basketball match-play: a systematic review. Sports Medicine, 48(1), 111-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0794-z
Tenenbaum, G., y Hutchinson, J. C. (2007). A social-cognitive perspective of perceived and sustained effort. En G. Tenenbaum y R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 560–577). John Wiley y Sons, Inc.
Thorpe, R.T., Atkinson, G., Drust, B., y Gregson, W. (2017). Monitoring fatigue status in elite team-sport athletes: implications for practice. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 12(s2), 2-27. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0434
Wallace, L. K., Slattery, K. M., y Coutts, A. J. (2014). A comparison of methods for quantifying training load: relationships between modelled and actual training responses. European journal of applied physiology, 114(1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2745-1
Walters, B.K., Read, C.R., y Estes, A.R. (2017). The effects of resistance training, overtraining, and early specialization on youth athlete injury and development. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 58(9), 1339-1348. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07409-6
Aoki, M.S., Ronda, L.T., Marcelino, P.R., Drago, G., Carling, C., Bradley, P.S. y Moreira, A. (2017). Monitoring training loads in professional basketball players engaged in a periodized training program. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 31(2), 348-358. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001507
Balyi, I., Way, R., y Higgs, C. (2013). Long-term athlete development. Human Kinetics.
Boone, J., y Bourgois, J. (2013). Morphological and physiological profile of elite basketball players in Belgium. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(6), 630-638. http://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.6.630
Bosco, C., Luhtanen, P., y Komi, P. (1983). A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 50(2), 273-282.
Chaouachi, A., Brughelli, M., Chamari, K., Levin, GT, Abdelkrim, N.B, Laurencelle, L. y Castagna, C. (2009). Lower limb maximal dynamic strength and agility determinants in elite basketball players. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 23(5), 1570-1577. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a4e7f0
Clarke, N., Farthing, J. P., Norris, S. R., Arnold, B. E., y Lanovaz, J. L. (2013). Quantification of training load in Canadian football: application of session-RPE in collision-based team sports. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2198-2205. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827e1334
de Freitas Cruz, I., Pereira, L.A., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Cedra, C., Loturco, I., y Abad, C. C. C. (2018). Perceived training load and jumping responses following nine weeks of a competitive period in young female basketball players. PeerJ, 6, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5225
Delextrat, A., Trochym, E., y Calleja-Gonzalez, J. (2012). Effect of a typical in-season week on strength jump and sprint performances in national-level female basketball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 52(2), 128-136
Foster, C., Daines, E., Hector, L., Snyder, A. C. y Welsh, R. (1996). Athletic performance in relation to training load. Wisconsin Medical Journal, 95(6), 370-374.
Foster, C., Florhaug, J.A, Franklin, J., Gottschall, L., Hrovatin, L.A, Parker, S., Florhaug, J., Doleshal, P. y Dodge, C. (2001). A new approach to monitoring exercise training. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 15(1), 109-115. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200102000-00019
Freitas, V. H., Nakamura, F. Y., Miloski, B., Samulski, D., y Bara-Filho, M. G. (2014). Sensitivity of physiological and psychological markers to training load intensification in volleyball players. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 13(3), 571.
Gathercole, R. J., Sporer, B.C., y Stellingwerff, T. (2015). Countermovement jump performance with increased training loads in elite female rugby athletes. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(09), 722-728. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1547262
Gathercole, R. J., Sporer, B. C., Stellingwerff, T., y Sleivert, G. G. (2015). Comparison of the capacity of different jump and sprint field tests to detect neuromuscular fatigue. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 29(9), 2522-2531. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000912
Haddad, M., Stylianides, G., Djaoui, L., Dellal, A., y Chamari, K. (2017). Session-RPE method for training load monitoring: validity, ecological usefulness, and influencing factors. Frontiers in neuroscience, 11, 612.
Hagstrom, A.D., y Shorter, K.A. (2018). Creatine kinase, neuromuscular fatigue, and the contact codes of football: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-and post-match differences. European Journal of Sport Science, 18(9), 1234-1244. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1480661
Jiménez-Reyes, P., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., y González-Badillo, J. J. (2011). Analysis of Variables Measured in Vertical Jump Related to Athletic Performance and its Application to Training. Cultura Ciencia y Deporte, 6(17), 113-9. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v6i17.38
Jimenez-Reyes, P., Pareja-Blanco, F., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., Morcillo, J. A., Párraga, J. A., y González-Badillo, J. J. (2016). Mechanical, metabolic and perceptual response during sprint training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(10), 807-812. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-107251
Loturco, I., Pereira, L., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Cal A., César C., Marques, G., Guerriero, A., Moraes, J., y Nakamura, F., (2017). Validity and usability of a new system for measuring and monitoring variations in vertical jump performance. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 31(9), 2579-2585. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002086
Lupo, C., Tessitore, A., Gasperi, L., y Gomez, A. R. (2017). Session-RPE for quantifying the load of different youth basketball training sessions. Biology of sport, 34(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.63381
Manzi, V., D'ottavio, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., Chaouachi, A., Chamari, K., y Castagna, C. (2010). Profile of weekly training load in elite male professional basketball players. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1399-1406. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d7552a
Miras Moreno, S. (2020). La altura del salto en contramovimiento como instrumento de control de la fatiga neuromuscular. Revisión sistemática (Counter-movement Jump height as a means to monitor neuromuscular fatigue. Systematic Review). Retos, 37, 820-826. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.73302
Montgomery, P. G., Pyne, D. B. y Minahan, C.L. (2010). The physical and physiological demands of basketball training and competition. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5(1), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.5.1.75
Moreira, A., Crewther, B., Freitas, C. G., Arruda, A. F., Costa, E. C., & Aoki, M. S. (2012). Session RPE and salivary immune-endocrine responses to simulated and official basketball matches in elite young male athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 52(6), 682-687
Póvoas, S. C., Ascensão, A. A., Magalhães, J., Seabra, A. F., Krustrup, P., Soares, J. M., y Rebelo, A. N. (2014). Analysis of fatigue development during elite male handball matches. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2640-2648. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000424
Rago, V., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Ermidis, G., Barreira, D., y Rebelo, A. (2020). The arrowhead agility test: reliability, minimum detectable change, and practical applications in soccer players. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 34(2), 483-494. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002987
Raya, M. A., Gailey, R. S., Gaunaurd, I. A., Jayne, D. M., Campbell, S. M., Gagne, E., Manrique, P.G., Muller, D.G. y Tucker, C. (2013). Comparison of three agility tests with male servicemembers: Edgren Side Step Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 50(7), 951-960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2012.05.0096
San Román, J., Calleja-González, J., Castellano, J., y Casamichana, D. (2010). Análisis de la capacidad de salto antes, durante y después de la competición en jugadores internacionales junior de baloncesto. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 6(21), 311-321. https://doi.org/10.5332/ricyde2010.02105
Scanlan, A., Humphries, B., Tucker, P.S. y Dalbo, V. (2014). The influence of physical and cognitive factors on reactive agility performance in men basketball players. Journal of Sport Science, 32 (4), 367-374. http://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.825730
Sekulic, D., Pehar, M., Krolo, A., Spasic, M., Uljevic, O., Calleja-González, J., y Sattler, T. (2017). Evaluation of basketball-specific agility: applicability of preplanned and nonplanned agility performances for differentiating playing positions and playing levels. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 31(8), 2278-2288. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001646
Semenick, D. (1990). Tests and measurements: The T-test. Strength y Conditioning Journal, 12(1), 36-37.
Singh, F., Foster, C., Tod, D., y McGuigan, M.R. (2007). Monitoring different types of resistance training using session rating of perceived exertion. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2(1), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2.1.34
Spiteri, T., Nimphius, S., Hart, N. H., Specos, C., Sheppard, J. M., y Newton, R. U. (2014). Contribution of strength characteristics to change of direction and agility performance in female basketball athletes. The Journal of Strength y Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2415-2423. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000547
Stojanović, E., Stojiljković, N., Scanlan, A.T., Dalbo, V.J., Berkelmans, D.M. y Milanović, Z. (2018). The activity demands and physiological responses encountered during basketball match-play: a systematic review. Sports Medicine, 48(1), 111-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0794-z
Tenenbaum, G., y Hutchinson, J. C. (2007). A social-cognitive perspective of perceived and sustained effort. En G. Tenenbaum y R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 560–577). John Wiley y Sons, Inc.
Thorpe, R.T., Atkinson, G., Drust, B., y Gregson, W. (2017). Monitoring fatigue status in elite team-sport athletes: implications for practice. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 12(s2), 2-27. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0434
Wallace, L. K., Slattery, K. M., y Coutts, A. J. (2014). A comparison of methods for quantifying training load: relationships between modelled and actual training responses. European journal of applied physiology, 114(1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2745-1
Walters, B.K., Read, C.R., y Estes, A.R. (2017). The effects of resistance training, overtraining, and early specialization on youth athlete injury and development. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 58(9), 1339-1348. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07409-6
