MLS Sport Research
Vol. 3 Núm. 1 (2023)
ISSN: 2792-7156
Evaluación de los efectos del ejercicio físico en pacientes con cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática
Publicado Jul 11, 2023
Resumen
El objetivo principal de esta revisión fue evaluar la eficacia de un programa de ejercicio físico (EF) en pacientes con cáncer de mama (CM) y sus efectos sobre la calidad de vida, la fatiga percibida, la depresión y la condición física. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática, basada en las directrices PRISMA, utilizando tres bases de datos diferentes: Medline, Pubmed y Google Académico. Los criterios de inclusión fueron; adultos (>18 años), pacientes con CM durante la terapia adyuvante, intervenciones de EF con el efecto de influir en la calidad de vida, la fatiga y la condición física. Asi mismo, los criterios de exclusión fueron; realizar la intervención de EF después de la enfermedad, artículos publicados antes del 2010 o en idiomas que no fueran inglés, castellano y/o francés.Los resultados incluyeron cinco artículos para la revisión y todos los estudios mostraron mejoras en la calidad de vida, la condición física y/o en la composición corporal, además de en la percepción de fatiga percibida y de la depresión.Se puede llegar a la conclusión de que las incorporaciones complementarias de programas de EF sistematizado durante la terapia adyuvante a mujeres con CM ofrece tanto mejoras en la calidad de vida, como en la condición física y una disminución de la fatiga y la depresión, sea cual sea el tipo de programa de entrenamiento (resistencia, fuerza o combinación de ambas).
Palabras clave:
Cáncer de mama, ejercicio físico, condición física, calidad de vida, fatiga
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Cómo citar
Santiago García, M. V., Charda Colina, A., & Pulgar Muñoz, S. (2023). Evaluación de los efectos del ejercicio físico en pacientes con cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática. MLS Sport Research, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.54716/mlssr.v3i1.2141
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Martín, M., Arroyo, M., Villalobos, ML, & Álvarez, M. (2013). CM.Medicine-programa de formación médica continuada acreditado, 11(27), 1629-1640.
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Roca-Alonso, L., Pellegrino, L., Castellano, L., & Stebbing, J. (2012). Breast cancer treatment and adverse cardiac events: what are the molecular mechanisms?. Cardiology, 122(4), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1159/000339858
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Winer, E. P., Hudis, C., Burstein, H. J., Wolff, A. C., Pritchard, K. I., Ingle, J. N., & Somerfield, M. R. (2005). American Society of Clinical Oncology technology assessment on the use of aromatase inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer: status report 2004. Journal of clinical oncology, 23(3), 619-629. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.09.121
Whoqol Group. (1995). The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Organization. Social science & medicine, 41(10), 1403-1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
Antunes, P., Esteves, D., Nunes, C., Joaquim, A., Pimentel, F. L., & Fonseca-Moutinho, J. (2019). Health-related quality of life and physical fitness in breast cancer patients: the impact of a supervised physical exercise program in women with no exercise experience. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 24(9), 1038-1046. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2019.1597978
Berger, A. M., Gerber, L. H., & Mayer, D. K. (2012). Cancer‐related fatigue: implications for breast cancer survivors. Cancer, 118(S8), 2261-2269. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27475
Carayol, M., Bernard, P., Boiché, J., Riou, F., Mercier, B., Cousson-Gélie, F., Romain, A., DelPierre, C., & Ninot, G. (2013). Psychological effect of exercise in women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant therapy: what is the optimal dose needed?. Annals of oncology, 24(2), 291-300. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mds342
Casla, S., López-Tarruella, S., Jerez, Y., Marquez-Rodas, I., Galvao, D. A., Newton, R. U., ... & Martin, M. (2015). Supervised physical exercise improves VO2max, quality of life, and health in early stage breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Breast cancer research and treatment, 153(2), 371-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3541-x
Courneya, K. S. (2003). Exercise in cancer survivors: an overview of research. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 35(11), 1846-1852. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000093622.41587.B6
Demark-Wahnefried, W., Peterson, B. L., Winer, E. P., Marks, L., Aziz, N., Marcom, P. K., ... & Rimer, B. K. (2001). Changes in weight, body composition, and factors influencing energy balance among premenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Journal of clinical oncology, 19(9), 2381-2389. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.9.2381
Diaby, V., Tawk, R., Sanogo, V., Xiao, H., & Montero, A. J. (2015). A review of systematic reviews of the cost-effectiveness of hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy for breast cancer. Breast cancer research and treatment, 151(1), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3383-6
Eyigor, S., Karapolat, H., Yesil, H., Uslu, R., & Durmaz, B. (2010). Effects of pilates exercises on functional capacity, flexibility, fatigue, depression and quality of life in female breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 46(4), 481-7.
Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Dikshit, R., Eser, S., Mathers, C., Rebelo, M., ... & Bray, F. (2015). Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. International journal of cancer, 136(5), E359-E386. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29210
Furmaniak, A. C., Menig, M., & Markes, M. H. (2016). Exercise for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 9(9), CD005001. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005001.pub3
Font, A., Rodríguez, E., & Buscemi, V. (2004). Fatiga, expectativas y calidad de vida en cáncer. Psicooncología, 1(2-3), 45-56.
Gebruers, N., Camberlin, M., Theunissen, F., Tjalma, W., Verbelen, H., Van Soom, T., & Van Breda, E. (2019). The effect of training interventions on physical performance, quality of life, and fatigue in patients receiving breast cancer treatment: A systematic review. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(1), 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4490-9
Heim, M. E., vd Malsburg, M. L. E., & Niklas, A. (2007). Randomized controlled trial of a structured training program in breast cancer patients with tumor-related chronic fatigue. Oncology Research and Treatment, 30(8-9), 429-434. https://doi.org/10.1159/000104097
Kootstra, J. J., Dijkstra, P. U., Rietman, H., de Vries, J., Baas, P., Geertzen, J. H., ... & Hoekstra-Weebers, J. E. (2013). A longitudinal study of shoulder and arm morbidity in breast cancer survivors 7 years after sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection. Breast cancer research and treatment, 139(1), 125-134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-013-2509-y
Ligibel, J. A., Giobbie‐Hurder, A., Shockro, L., Campbell, N., Partridge, A. H., Tolaney, S. M., ... & Winer, E. P. (2016). Randomized trial of a physical activity intervention in women with metastatic breast cancer. Cancer, 122(8), 1169-1177. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29899
Lipsett, A., Barrett, S., Haruna, F., Mustian, K., & O'Donovan, A. (2017). The impact of exercise during adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer on fatigue and quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The breast, 32, 144-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2017.02.002
Martín, M., Arroyo, M., Villalobos, ML, & Álvarez, M. (2013). CM.Medicine-programa de formación médica continuada acreditado, 11(27), 1629-1640.
Mutrie, N., Campbell, A. M., Whyte, F., McConnachie, A., Emslie, C., Lee, L., Kearney, N., Walker, A., & Ritchie, D. (2007). Benefits of supervised group exercise programme for women being treated for early stage breast cancer: pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Bmj, 334(7592), 517. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39094.648553.AE
Palesh, O., Kamen, C., Sharp, S., Golden, A., Neri, E., Spiegel, D., & Koopman, C. (2018). Physical activity and survival in women with advanced breast cancer. Cancer nursing, 41(4), E31. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000525
Pereira-Rodríguez, J. E., Peñaranda-Florez, D. G., Pereira-Rodríguez, R., Pereira-Rodríguez, P., Velásquez-Badillo, X., & Cañizares-Pérez, Y. A. (2020). Fatiga asociada al CM luego de un programa de entrenamiento. Acta Médica Costarricense,62(1), 18-25.
Roca-Alonso, L., Pellegrino, L., Castellano, L., & Stebbing, J. (2012). Breast cancer treatment and adverse cardiac events: what are the molecular mechanisms?. Cardiology, 122(4), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1159/000339858
Saarto, T., Penttinen, H. M., Sievänen, H., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P. L., Hakamies-Blomqvist, L., Nikander, R., ... & Luoma, M. L. (2012). Effectiveness of a 12-month exercise program on physical performance and quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Anticancer research, 32(9), 3875-3884.
Schmidt, T., Weisser, B., Jonat, W., Baumann, F. T., & Mundhenke, C. (2012). Gentle strength training in rehabilitation of breast cancer patients compared to conventional therapy. Anticancer research, 32(8), 3229-3233.
Tejada-Medina, V., Franco López, G., & Ventaja-Cruz, J. (2020). Efectos de un programa de intervención de actividad física en pacientes oncológicos: una revisión sistemática. Journal of Sport & Health Research, 12(1),126-139.
Winer, E. P., Hudis, C., Burstein, H. J., Wolff, A. C., Pritchard, K. I., Ingle, J. N., & Somerfield, M. R. (2005). American Society of Clinical Oncology technology assessment on the use of aromatase inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer: status report 2004. Journal of clinical oncology, 23(3), 619-629. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.09.121
Whoqol Group. (1995). The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Organization. Social science & medicine, 41(10), 1403-1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
