MLS Sport Research
Vol. 3 Núm. 1 (2023)
ISSN: 2792-7156
Bike desk una propuesta de intervención para mejorar el nivel de actividad física y el rendimiento cognitivo en escolares de Educación Primaria
Publicado Jul 17, 2023
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de 5 semanas de pedaleo interactivo durante las clases en la condición física, aptitudes escolares y creatividad en niños de Educación Primaria. Un total de 89 niños (rango de edad = 10-12 años) participaron en este estudio, aunque debido a la pandemia del COVID-19 solo 37 alumnos se pudieron considerar para el análisis de los resultados. Los estudiantes fueron asignados al azar a dos grupos, grupo experimental (GE) y grupo de control (GC). El GE realizó un programa de pedaleo de intensidad moderada a vigorosa con compromiso cognitivo durante 5 semanas, 4 días a la semana. Se evaluaron la aptitud física, las aptitudes escolares y la creatividad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en cuanto a creatividad se refiere. El GC experimentó mejoras significativas en el cálculo y el total TEA. Además, ambos grupos mostraron mejoras significativas en el test del salto horizontal. En conclusión, la implementación de pedaleadores no interfiere con el rendimiento académico de los escolares por lo que puede ser un medio efectivo para la mejora de los niveles de actividad física del alumnado.
Palabras clave:
Pedaleo interactivo, condición física, aptitudes escolares, creatividad
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Cómo citar
Andrade Lara, K., & Millán García, R. (2023). Bike desk una propuesta de intervención para mejorar el nivel de actividad física y el rendimiento cognitivo en escolares de Educación Primaria. MLS Sport Research, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.54716/mlssr.v3i1.2238
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Belmonte Darraz, S., González-Roldán, A., de María Arrebola, J., & Montoro-Aguilar, C. (2021). Impacto del ejercicio físico en variables relacionadas con el bienestar emocional y funcional en adultos mayores. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología, 56(3), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.REGG.2021.01.006
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Léger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 6(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640418808729800
Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Kamijo, K., Brand, S., & Pühse, U. (2018). The effects of a school-based exercise program on neurophysiological indices of working memory operations in adolescents. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21(8), 833–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.001
Ma, R., Zhào, H., Wei, W., Liu, Y., & Huang, Y. (2022). Gait characteristics under single-/dual-task walking conditions in elderly patients with cerebral small vessel disease: Analysis of gait variability, gait asymmetry and bilateral coordination of gait. Gait & Posture, 92, 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GAITPOST.2021.11.007
Montero-Odasso, M., Oteng-Amoako, A., Speechley, M., Gopaul, K., Beauchet, O., Annweiler, C., & Muir-Hunter, S. W. (2014). The motor signature of mild cognitive impairment: Results from the gait and brain study. Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 11(69), 1415–1421. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu155
Ojo, S. O., Bailey, D. P., Chater, A. M., & Hewson, D. J. (2018). The impact of active workstations on workplace productivity and performance: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 417.
Parvin, E., Mohammadian, F., Amani-Shalamzari, S., Bayati, M., & Tazesh, B. (2020). Dual-Task Training Affect Cognitive and Physical Performances and Brain Oscillation Ratio of Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 12, 456. https://doi.org/10.3389/FNAGI.2020.605317/BIBTEX
Pedro Ángel, L.-R., Beatriz, B.-A., Jerónimo, A.-V., & Antonio, P.-V. (2021). Effects of a 10-week active recess program in school setting on physical fitness, school aptitudes, creativity and cognitive flexibility in elementary school children. A randomised-controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1–10.
Peruyero, F., Zapata, J., Pastor, D., & Cervelló, E. (2017). The acute effects of exercise intensity on inhibitory cognitive control in adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00921
Plummer, P., Altmann, L., & Reilly, K. (2011). Dual-task effects of spontaneous speech and executive function on gait in aging: Exaggerated effects in slow walkers. Gait & Posture, 33(2), 233–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GAITPOST.2010.11.011
Polo-Recuero, B., Moreno-Barrio, A., & Ordóñez-Dios, A. (2020). Lecciones activas: estrategia para aumentar la actividad física de los escolares durante la jornada lectiva.[Physically active lessons: strategy to increase scholars´ physical activity during school time]. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Del Deporte. Doi: 10.5232/Ricyde, 16(62), 342–357.
Rabaglietti, E., De Lorenzo, A., & Brustio, P. R. (2019). The role of working memory on dual-task cost during walking performance in childhood. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1754.
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Arbinaga, F., García, D., Vázquez, I., Joaquín, M., & Pazos, E. (2011). Actitudes Hacia El Ejercicio En Estudiantes Relacionado Con Habitos E Insatisfaccion. Revista De Iberoamericana De Psicología Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte, 6(1), 97–112. http://www.webs.ulpgc.es/riped/docs/20110107.pdf
Bahdur, K., Gilchrist, R., Park, G., Nina, L., & Pruna, R. (2019). Effect of HIIT on cognitive and physical performance. Apunts. Medicina de l’Esport, 54(204), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APUNTS.2019.07.001
Belmonte Darraz, S., González-Roldán, A., de María Arrebola, J., & Montoro-Aguilar, C. (2021). Impacto del ejercicio físico en variables relacionadas con el bienestar emocional y funcional en adultos mayores. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología, 56(3), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.REGG.2021.01.006
Berrios Aguayo, B., Pantoja Vallejo, A., & Latorre Román, P. Á. (2019). Acute effect of two different physical education classes on memory in children school-age. Cognitive Development, 50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2019.03.004
Borg, G. (1970). Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2(2), 92–98.
Buchman, A., Wang, T., Yu, L., Leurgans, S., Schneider, J., & Bennett, D. (2020). Brain pathologies are associated with both the rate and variability of declining motor function in older adults. Acta Neuropathologica, 140(4), 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00401-020-02212-Z
Cobo-Cuenca, A. I., Garrido-Miguel, M., Soriano-Cano, A., Ferri-Morales, A., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., & Martín-Espinosa, N. M. (2019). Adherence to the mediterranean diet and its association with body composition and physical fitness in Spanish university students. Nutrients, 11(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112830
Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. In Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
Colley, R. C., Janssen, I. A. N., & Tremblay, M. S. (2012). Daily step target to measure adherence to physical activity guidelines in children. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(5), 977–982.
Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., Lambourne, K., & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: A systematic review. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 48(6), 1197–1222. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000901
Esteban-Cornejo, I., Tejero-Gonzalez, C., Sallis, J., & Veiga, O. (2015). Physical activity and cognition in adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(5), 534–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.07.007
Gallotta, M. C., Emerenziani, G. P., Franciosi, E., Meucci, M., Guidetti, L., & Baldari, C. (2014). Acute physical activity and delayed attention in primary school students. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 25(3), e331-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12310
Gentile, A., Choo, H., Liau, A., Sim, T., Li, D., Fung, D., & Khoo, A. (2011). Pathological video game use among youths: A two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics, 127(2), e319-29. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1353
Grobe, S., Kakar, R. S., Smith, M., Mehta, R., Baghurst, T., & Boolani, A. (2017). Impact of cognitive fatigue on gait and sway among older adults: A literature review. Preventive Medicine Reports, 6, 88–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMEDR.2017.02.016
Guirado, T., Chambonnière, C., Chaput, J.-P., Metz, L., Thivel, D., & Duclos, M. (2021). Effects of classroom active desks on children and adolescents’ physical activity, sedentary behavior, academic achievements and overall health: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 2828.
Hagmann-von Arx, P., Manicolo, O., Lemola, S., & Grob, A. (2016). Walking in school-aged children in a dual-task paradigm is related to age but not to cognition, motor behavior, injuries, or psychosocial functioning. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(7), 352. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00352
Huang, X., Zeng, N., & Ye, S. (2019). Associations of sedentary behavior with physical fitness and academic performance among chinese students aged 8–19 years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224494
Joubert, L., Kilgas, M., Riley, A., Gautam, Y., Donath, L., & Drum, S. (2017). In-class cycling to augment college student academic performance and reduce physical inactivity: results from an RCT. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(11), 1343.
Klotzbier, T. J., & Schott, N. (2017). Cognitive-motor interference during walking in older adults with probable mild cognitive impairment. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 9, 350. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00350
Kritsilis, M., Rizou, S., Koutsoudaki, P., Evangelou, K., Gorgoulis, V., & Papadopoulos, D. (2018). Ageing, Cellular Senescence and Neurodegenerative Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS19102937
Kvalø, S. E., Dyrstad, S. M., Bru, E., & Brønnick, K. (2019). Relationship between aerobic fitness and academic performance: the mediational role of executive function. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(8), 1397–1404. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08971-5
Latorre-Román, P., Muñoz Jiménez, M., Salas Sánchez, J., Consuegra González, P., Moreno Del Castillo, R., Herrador Sánchez, J., López Ivanco, M., Linares Jiménez, C., Navas Morales, J., & Párraga Montilla, J. (2020). Complex Gait Is Related to Cognitive Functioning in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study Providing an Innovative Test. Gerontology, 66(4), 401–408. https://doi.org/10.1159/000508245
Latorre Román, P. Á., Pantoja Vallejo, A., & Berrios Aguayo, B. (2018). Acute Aerobic Exercise Enhances Students’ Creativity. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL, 30(3), 310–315. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1488198
Léger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 6(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640418808729800
Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Kamijo, K., Brand, S., & Pühse, U. (2018). The effects of a school-based exercise program on neurophysiological indices of working memory operations in adolescents. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21(8), 833–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.001
Ma, R., Zhào, H., Wei, W., Liu, Y., & Huang, Y. (2022). Gait characteristics under single-/dual-task walking conditions in elderly patients with cerebral small vessel disease: Analysis of gait variability, gait asymmetry and bilateral coordination of gait. Gait & Posture, 92, 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GAITPOST.2021.11.007
Montero-Odasso, M., Oteng-Amoako, A., Speechley, M., Gopaul, K., Beauchet, O., Annweiler, C., & Muir-Hunter, S. W. (2014). The motor signature of mild cognitive impairment: Results from the gait and brain study. Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 11(69), 1415–1421. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu155
Ojo, S. O., Bailey, D. P., Chater, A. M., & Hewson, D. J. (2018). The impact of active workstations on workplace productivity and performance: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 417.
Parvin, E., Mohammadian, F., Amani-Shalamzari, S., Bayati, M., & Tazesh, B. (2020). Dual-Task Training Affect Cognitive and Physical Performances and Brain Oscillation Ratio of Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 12, 456. https://doi.org/10.3389/FNAGI.2020.605317/BIBTEX
Pedro Ángel, L.-R., Beatriz, B.-A., Jerónimo, A.-V., & Antonio, P.-V. (2021). Effects of a 10-week active recess program in school setting on physical fitness, school aptitudes, creativity and cognitive flexibility in elementary school children. A randomised-controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1–10.
Peruyero, F., Zapata, J., Pastor, D., & Cervelló, E. (2017). The acute effects of exercise intensity on inhibitory cognitive control in adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00921
Plummer, P., Altmann, L., & Reilly, K. (2011). Dual-task effects of spontaneous speech and executive function on gait in aging: Exaggerated effects in slow walkers. Gait & Posture, 33(2), 233–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GAITPOST.2010.11.011
Polo-Recuero, B., Moreno-Barrio, A., & Ordóñez-Dios, A. (2020). Lecciones activas: estrategia para aumentar la actividad física de los escolares durante la jornada lectiva.[Physically active lessons: strategy to increase scholars´ physical activity during school time]. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Del Deporte. Doi: 10.5232/Ricyde, 16(62), 342–357.
Rabaglietti, E., De Lorenzo, A., & Brustio, P. R. (2019). The role of working memory on dual-task cost during walking performance in childhood. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1754.
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