MLS Sport Research
Vol. 2 Núm. 1 (2022)
ISSN: 2792-7156
Relación entre la dismetría de los miembros inferiores y la distribución de fuerzas en el pedaleo en ciclistas no profesionales
Publicado May 10, 2022
Resumen
Este estudio tenía el objetivo de relacionar la dismetría de los miembros inferiores y el pedaleo. Participaron 23 sujetos no profesionales del ciclismo. Se ha realizado un test de asimetría mediante el método directo, medido desde la espina ilíaca anterosuperior hasta el maléolo tibial y se comparaba los resultados con la otra pierna, antes de realizar esta prueba se procedía a la maniobra Weber Barstow, se comenzaba en posición decúbito supino en la camilla con las piernas en paralelo y flexionadas, se realizaba una extensión de cadera, el sujeto volvía a la posición inicial y el examinador le estiraba las piernas, por último se realizaba un test de efectividad de pedaleo sobre la Wattbike de 10 minutos, a una intensidad de 5 sobre 10 del rango de esfuerzo percibido. Para conseguir una posición correcta de los participantes se usó un goniómetro para medir el ángulo de rodilla y se siguieron las pautas de protocolos preestablecidos. El análisis estadístico fue realizado con JASP, en la que se realizó un estudio descriptivo y posteriormente un test de correlación acorde a su normalidad. El índice de asimetría fue del 4,086 %, con una ligera mayor dominancia de la pierna derecha sobre la izquierda 50.56 % - 49.44 %. Hubo una tendencia positiva en la relación entre mayor magnitud de dismetría y la efectividad de pedaleo, pero sin tener datos significativos.
Palabras clave:
Dismetría, ciclismo, miembros inferiores, pedaleo, pierna dominante
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Cómo citar
Osmani, F. (2022). Relación entre la dismetría de los miembros inferiores y la distribución de fuerzas en el pedaleo en ciclistas no profesionales. MLS Sport Research, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.54716/mlssr.v2i1.921
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Bini, R. y Carpes, F. (2013). Pedaling force asymmetry during 4km cycling time trial. In XV Brazilian Congress of Biomechanics. https://isbweb.org/images/conferences/isb-congresses/2013/oral/sb-cycling.07.pdf
Bini, R., Diefenthaler, F., Carpes, F. y Mota, C. B. (2007). External work bilateral symmetry during incremental cycling exercise. In XXV ISBS Symposium. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4938.5846
Bini, R. R. y Hume, P. A. (2014). Assessment of bilateral asymmetry in cycling using a commercial instrumented crank system and instrumented pedals. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(5), 876-81. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0494
Bini, R. y Hume, P. A. (2015). Relationship between pedal force asymmetry and performance in cycling time trial. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 55(9), 892-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26470634/
Bini, R. R., Jacques, T. C., Carpes, F. P. y Vaz, M. A. (2017). Effectiveness of pedalling retraining in reducing bilateral pedal force asymmetries. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(14), 1336-1341. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1215505
Carpes, F. P., Bini, R. R. y Mota, C. B. (2008). Training level, perception and bilateral asymmetry during multi-joint leg-press exercise. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, 2, 51–62. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237042415_Training_level_perception_and_bilateral_asymmetry_during_multijoint_leg-press_exercise
Carpes, F. P., Mota, C. B. y Faria, I. E. (2010). On the bilateral asymmetry during running and cycling - A review considering leg preference. Physical Therapy in Sport, 11(4), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.06.005
Carpes, F. P., Rossato, M., Faria, I. E. y Mota, C. B. (2007a). Bilateral pedaling asymmetry during a simulated 40-km cycling time-trial. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47(1), 51-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17369798/
Carpes, F., Rossato, M., Faria, I. E. y Mota, C. B. (2007b). Influence of exercise intensity on bilateral pedaling symmetry. Progress in Motor Control IV. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Influence-of-exercise-intensity-on-bilateral-Carpes-Rossato/8730adee662e0b307dc1cc36d471c3317b422d5b
Daly, D. J. y Cavanagh, P. R. (1976). Asymmetry in bicycle ergometer pedaling. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 8(3), 204-208. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-197600830-00013
DeLang, M. D., Kondratek, M., DiPace, L. J. y Hew-Butler, T. (2017). Collegiate male soccer playersexhibit between-limb symmetry in body composition, muscle strength, and range of motion. International journal of sports physical therapy, 12(7), 1087–1094. https://doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20171087
Diefenthaeler, F., Berneira, J. O., Moro, V. L. y Carpes, F. P. (2016). Influence of saddle height and exercise intensity on pedalling asymmetries in cyclists. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2016v18n4p411
Fink, B., Weege, B., Manning, J. T. y Trivers, R. (2014). Body symmetry and physical strength in human males. American Journal of Human Biology. 26(5), 697-700. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22584
Garcia Lopez, J., Diez Leal, S., Larrazabal, J. y Ogueta Alday, A. (2015). No bilateral asymmetry during pedalling in healthy cyclists of different performance levels. Conference: 33th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4289.5441
García López, J., Díez Leal, S., Rodríguez, J.A., Larrazabal, J., De Galceano, I.G. y Villa, J.G. (2009). Eficiencia mecánica de pedaleo en ciclistas de diferente nivel competitivo. Biomecánica, 17(2), 9-20. https://doi.org/10.5821/sibb.v17i2.1792
Gil Fernández, M. y Zuli Escobar, J. (2011). Fiabilidad y correlación en la evaluación de la movilidad de rodilla mediante goniómetro e inclinómetro. Elsevier España, 34(2), 73-78. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3854577
Hinton, B. J., Fan, B., Ng, B. K. y Shepherd, J. A. (2017). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition reference values of limbs and trunk from NHANES 1999–2004 with additional visualization methods. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174180
Hopker, J., Myers, S., Jobson, S. A., Bruce, W. y Passfield, L. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Wattbike cycle ergometer. International journal of sports medicine, 31(10), 731–736. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1261968
Hunt, M. A., Sanderson, D. J., Moffet, H. e Inglis, J. T. (2003). Biomechanical changes elicited by an anterior cruciate ligament deficiency during steady rate cycling. Clinical Biomechanics, 18(5), 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0268-0033(03)00046-9
Jamaluddin, S., Sulaiman, A., Imran, M. y Juhara, H. (2011). Reliability and accuracy of the tape measurement method with a nearest reading of 5 mm in the assessment of leg length discrepancy. Singapore Medical Journal, 52(9), 681-4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21947147/
Kell, D. T. y Greer, B. K. (2017). Use of the wattbike cycle ergometer for attenuation of bilateral pedaling asymmetry in trained cyclists. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(2), 468-473. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001495
Kendall, F. P., McCreary, E. K., Provance, P. G., Rodgers, M. M. y Romani, W. A. (2010). Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain (5ª ed.). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1858872/
Lindhauer, S. (1998). Assymetries: diagnosis and treatment. Semin Orthod, 4(3). 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1073-8746(98)80013-3
Maloney S. J. (2019). The Relationship Between Asymmetry and Athletic Performance: A Critical Review. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 33(9), 2579–2593. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002608
Picelli, A., Negrini, S., Zenorini, A., Iosa, M., Paolucci, S. y Smania, N. (2016). Do adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis have body schema disorders? A cross-sectional study. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 29(1), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-150602
Sanderson, D. J., Hennig, E. M. y Black, A. H. (1991). The influence of cadence and power output on the biomechanics of force application during steady-rate cycling in competitive and recreational cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(3), 173-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404100365072
Siegler, A., Pick, C. G. y Been, E. (2019). Differences in body positional bilateral symmetry between stance and supine positions, and the impact of attention and awareness on postural symmetry. Gait and posture, 68, 476–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.12.042
Smak, W., Neptune, R. R. y Hull, M. L. (1999). The influence of pedaling rate on bilateral asymmetry in cycling. Journal of Biomechanics, 32(9), 899-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00090-1
Trecroci, A., Formenti, D., Ludwig, N., Gargano, M., Bosio, A., Rampinini, E. y Alberti, G. (2018). Bilateral asymmetry of skin temperature is not related to bilateral asymmetry of crank torque during an incremental cycling exercise to exhaustion. PeerJ, 6. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4438
Trivers, R., Fink, B., Russell, M., McCarty, K., James, B. y Palestis, B. G. (2014). Lower body symmetry and running performance in elite Jamaican track and field athletes. PloS one, 9(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113106
Trivers, R., Palestis, B. G. y Manning J. T. (2013). The symmetry of children’s knees is linked to their adult sprinting speed and their willingness to sprint in a long-term Jamaican study. PLoS ONE, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072244
Valverde Tarazona, C., Farro Uceda, L., Tapia Egoavil, R., Bautista Chirinos, L. y Amaya Solis, K. (2017). Relación entre hiperlaxitud articular, dismetría de miembros inferiores y control postural con los trastornos posturales. Revista Medica Herediana, 27(4), 216. https://doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v27i4.2990
Zinoubi, B., Zbidi, S., Driss, T., Chamari, K. y Vandewalle, H. (2018). Relationships between rating of perceived exertion, heart rate and blood lactate during continuous and alternated-intensity cycling exercises. Biology of Sport, 35(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2018.70749
Bini, R., Diefenthaler, F., Carpes, F. y Mota, C. B. (2007). External work bilateral symmetry during incremental cycling exercise. In XXV ISBS Symposium. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4938.5846
Bini, R. R. y Hume, P. A. (2014). Assessment of bilateral asymmetry in cycling using a commercial instrumented crank system and instrumented pedals. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(5), 876-81. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0494
Bini, R. y Hume, P. A. (2015). Relationship between pedal force asymmetry and performance in cycling time trial. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 55(9), 892-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26470634/
Bini, R. R., Jacques, T. C., Carpes, F. P. y Vaz, M. A. (2017). Effectiveness of pedalling retraining in reducing bilateral pedal force asymmetries. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(14), 1336-1341. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1215505
Carpes, F. P., Bini, R. R. y Mota, C. B. (2008). Training level, perception and bilateral asymmetry during multi-joint leg-press exercise. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, 2, 51–62. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237042415_Training_level_perception_and_bilateral_asymmetry_during_multijoint_leg-press_exercise
Carpes, F. P., Mota, C. B. y Faria, I. E. (2010). On the bilateral asymmetry during running and cycling - A review considering leg preference. Physical Therapy in Sport, 11(4), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.06.005
Carpes, F. P., Rossato, M., Faria, I. E. y Mota, C. B. (2007a). Bilateral pedaling asymmetry during a simulated 40-km cycling time-trial. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47(1), 51-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17369798/
Carpes, F., Rossato, M., Faria, I. E. y Mota, C. B. (2007b). Influence of exercise intensity on bilateral pedaling symmetry. Progress in Motor Control IV. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Influence-of-exercise-intensity-on-bilateral-Carpes-Rossato/8730adee662e0b307dc1cc36d471c3317b422d5b
Daly, D. J. y Cavanagh, P. R. (1976). Asymmetry in bicycle ergometer pedaling. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 8(3), 204-208. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-197600830-00013
DeLang, M. D., Kondratek, M., DiPace, L. J. y Hew-Butler, T. (2017). Collegiate male soccer playersexhibit between-limb symmetry in body composition, muscle strength, and range of motion. International journal of sports physical therapy, 12(7), 1087–1094. https://doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20171087
Diefenthaeler, F., Berneira, J. O., Moro, V. L. y Carpes, F. P. (2016). Influence of saddle height and exercise intensity on pedalling asymmetries in cyclists. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2016v18n4p411
Fink, B., Weege, B., Manning, J. T. y Trivers, R. (2014). Body symmetry and physical strength in human males. American Journal of Human Biology. 26(5), 697-700. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22584
Garcia Lopez, J., Diez Leal, S., Larrazabal, J. y Ogueta Alday, A. (2015). No bilateral asymmetry during pedalling in healthy cyclists of different performance levels. Conference: 33th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4289.5441
García López, J., Díez Leal, S., Rodríguez, J.A., Larrazabal, J., De Galceano, I.G. y Villa, J.G. (2009). Eficiencia mecánica de pedaleo en ciclistas de diferente nivel competitivo. Biomecánica, 17(2), 9-20. https://doi.org/10.5821/sibb.v17i2.1792
Gil Fernández, M. y Zuli Escobar, J. (2011). Fiabilidad y correlación en la evaluación de la movilidad de rodilla mediante goniómetro e inclinómetro. Elsevier España, 34(2), 73-78. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3854577
Hinton, B. J., Fan, B., Ng, B. K. y Shepherd, J. A. (2017). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition reference values of limbs and trunk from NHANES 1999–2004 with additional visualization methods. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174180
Hopker, J., Myers, S., Jobson, S. A., Bruce, W. y Passfield, L. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Wattbike cycle ergometer. International journal of sports medicine, 31(10), 731–736. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1261968
Hunt, M. A., Sanderson, D. J., Moffet, H. e Inglis, J. T. (2003). Biomechanical changes elicited by an anterior cruciate ligament deficiency during steady rate cycling. Clinical Biomechanics, 18(5), 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0268-0033(03)00046-9
Jamaluddin, S., Sulaiman, A., Imran, M. y Juhara, H. (2011). Reliability and accuracy of the tape measurement method with a nearest reading of 5 mm in the assessment of leg length discrepancy. Singapore Medical Journal, 52(9), 681-4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21947147/
Kell, D. T. y Greer, B. K. (2017). Use of the wattbike cycle ergometer for attenuation of bilateral pedaling asymmetry in trained cyclists. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(2), 468-473. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001495
Kendall, F. P., McCreary, E. K., Provance, P. G., Rodgers, M. M. y Romani, W. A. (2010). Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain (5ª ed.). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1858872/
Lindhauer, S. (1998). Assymetries: diagnosis and treatment. Semin Orthod, 4(3). 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1073-8746(98)80013-3
Maloney S. J. (2019). The Relationship Between Asymmetry and Athletic Performance: A Critical Review. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 33(9), 2579–2593. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002608
Picelli, A., Negrini, S., Zenorini, A., Iosa, M., Paolucci, S. y Smania, N. (2016). Do adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis have body schema disorders? A cross-sectional study. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 29(1), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-150602
Sanderson, D. J., Hennig, E. M. y Black, A. H. (1991). The influence of cadence and power output on the biomechanics of force application during steady-rate cycling in competitive and recreational cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(3), 173-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404100365072
Siegler, A., Pick, C. G. y Been, E. (2019). Differences in body positional bilateral symmetry between stance and supine positions, and the impact of attention and awareness on postural symmetry. Gait and posture, 68, 476–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.12.042
Smak, W., Neptune, R. R. y Hull, M. L. (1999). The influence of pedaling rate on bilateral asymmetry in cycling. Journal of Biomechanics, 32(9), 899-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00090-1
Trecroci, A., Formenti, D., Ludwig, N., Gargano, M., Bosio, A., Rampinini, E. y Alberti, G. (2018). Bilateral asymmetry of skin temperature is not related to bilateral asymmetry of crank torque during an incremental cycling exercise to exhaustion. PeerJ, 6. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4438
Trivers, R., Fink, B., Russell, M., McCarty, K., James, B. y Palestis, B. G. (2014). Lower body symmetry and running performance in elite Jamaican track and field athletes. PloS one, 9(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113106
Trivers, R., Palestis, B. G. y Manning J. T. (2013). The symmetry of children’s knees is linked to their adult sprinting speed and their willingness to sprint in a long-term Jamaican study. PLoS ONE, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072244
Valverde Tarazona, C., Farro Uceda, L., Tapia Egoavil, R., Bautista Chirinos, L. y Amaya Solis, K. (2017). Relación entre hiperlaxitud articular, dismetría de miembros inferiores y control postural con los trastornos posturales. Revista Medica Herediana, 27(4), 216. https://doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v27i4.2990
Zinoubi, B., Zbidi, S., Driss, T., Chamari, K. y Vandewalle, H. (2018). Relationships between rating of perceived exertion, heart rate and blood lactate during continuous and alternated-intensity cycling exercises. Biology of Sport, 35(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2018.70749
